Kuhnian Paradigm Theory
Science proceeds by puzzle-solving within a paradigm and by the replacement of paradigms.
What it claims
Kuhn (1962) depicted the actual history of science as a cycle: normal science, the accumulation of anomalies, crisis, revolution, and a new normal science. A paradigm is not just a theory. It is a framework of practice that includes exemplars, methods, standards of evaluation, and agreement on what counts as a problem.
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Key thinkers
Thomas S. Kuhn · Paul Feyerabend · Norwood Russell Hanson · Michael Polanyi